Balance your Biome

The Significance of the Oral Microbiome

A microbiome is a community of living microscopic organisms including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The mouth is the second largest human microbiome, as it is considered home for over 700 different types of microbes. The largest microbiome we have is the gut, or gastrointestinal tract (GI tract).

In the mouth, there are certain harmful strains of bacteria, most notoriously Streptococcus Mutans, known to cause cavities and gum disease. Considering the health benefits of probiotics in other microbiomes, scientists have been exploring the potential advantages of using good bacteria to combat the harmful ones in the oral microbiome.

 

The Growing Role of Probiotics in Oral Health: A Science-Backed Approach

Probiotics are best known for their ability to support digestive health, but recent research has highlighted their potential benefits in maintaining oral health as well. With an increasing focus on natural solutions for common dental problems, probiotics have emerged as a promising tool for combating issues such as cavities, bad breath, and gum disease when used alongside standard hygiene practices. In this blog post, we’ll explore how probiotics work in oral care and the scientific studies that support their use.

 

How Probiotics Benefit Oral Health

The mouth, like the gut, is home to a diverse microbial community. When harmful bacteria become dominant, they can lead to issues like plaque buildup, cavities, bad breath, ulcers, and gum inflammation. Probiotics aim to rebalance this microbial environment by introducing good bacteria that help neutralize harmful species and promote overall oral health. Probiotics do not replace standard hygiene practices, such as brushing twice a day and flossing. 

Let’s take a closer look at the science behind probiotics and how they can address specific oral health problems.

 

Probiotics and Cavities

Cavities form when harmful bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans, produce acid that erodes tooth enamel. Probiotics work by reducing the presence of cavity-causing bacteria, thereby lowering the risk of tooth decay.

A study published in International Journal of Pediatric Dentistry demonstrated that probiotics, particularly strains like Lactobacillus reuteri, can significantly reduce the levels of Streptococcus mutans in the mouth. The study found that participants who consumed probiotic lozenges experienced a reduction in cavity-causing bacteria, ultimately decreasing their risk of developing cavities . Another study in Caries Research Journal showed that daily intake of probiotic-containing milk (Lactobacillus paracasei) reduced cavity formation in children, further supporting the potential of probiotics in cavity prevention.

 

Probiotics and Bad Breath (Halitosis)

Bad breath, or halitosis, is often caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) produced by bacteria in the mouth. Probiotics can help by replacing the odor-causing bacteria with beneficial strains that do not produce these unpleasant compounds.

A study published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology found that participants who used a probiotic mouth rinse containing Lactobacillus salivarius experienced a significant reduction in bad breath after only a few weeks of use. The probiotics reduced the levels of VSCs and improved overall breath odor. Another study using Lactobacillus paracasei confirmed these findings, demonstrating that probiotics can effectively target bacteria linked to bad breath.

 

Probiotics and Gum Disease (Periodontal Health)

Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is a chronic condition caused by the accumulation of harmful bacteria around the gums. This leads to inflammation, bleeding, and eventually tooth loss if left untreated. Probiotics have shown great promise in supporting gum health by reducing inflammation and limiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

A study published in The Journal of Clinical Periodontology found that Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics significantly reduced gum inflammation and improved overall periodontal health in patients with moderate to severe gingivitis. The study also observed a decrease in the depth of periodontal pockets, a key marker of gum disease progression. Similarly, another study in Clinical Oral Investigation found that participants who consumed probiotic supplements containing Lactobacillus brevis had reduced gum bleeding and less plaque buildup compared to the control group.

 

Probiotics and Overall Oral Microbiome Health

Maintaining a healthy balance of bacteria in the mouth is key to preventing a range of oral health issues. Probiotics help restore this balance by increasing the population of beneficial bacteria that can outcompete harmful strains.

A comprehensive review published in the Journal of Oral Microbiology concluded that probiotic supplementation can significantly improve the oral microbiome, leading to better resistance against infections and inflammation. The review noted that probiotic strains like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus showed the greatest promise in supporting long-term oral health through consistent use.

 

In Conclusion

As more research continues to emerge, probiotics are poised to play an increasingly important role in both preventive and therapeutic oral care strategies. Although probiotics have been supported by multiple studies around the world to have proven oral health benefits, many scientists state their application in dental health is not yet solidly backed by evidence until more long-term studies are done. However, if you’re looking for a natural and safe way to enhance your oral hygiene routine, probiotics are a great addition. 

 

*Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition*